diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 42826b7..8240ac3 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,16 @@
 
 ## Release 24.05 (unreleased)
 
+### Compatibility considerations
+
+* `nixOnDroidConfigurations` `pkgs` argument is now mandatory.
+  Put simply, if one's using a flake config, they need to add `nixpkgs` to
+  `outputs = { self, nixpkgs, ... }:` if it was previously missing,
+  then add a
+  `pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "aarch64-linux"; };`
+  as an argument to `nixOnDroidConfiguration`.
+  If in doubt, refer to the `templates`.
+
 ## Release 23.11
 
 ### New Options
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 8b18d20..72717ea 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -33,11 +33,6 @@
 
       overlay = nixpkgs.lib.composeManyExtensions (import ./overlays);
 
-      pkgsPerSystem = system: import nixpkgs {
-        inherit system;
-        overlays = [ overlay ];
-      };
-
       formatterPackArgsFor = forEachSystem (system: {
         inherit nixpkgs system;
         checkFiles = [ ./. ];
@@ -74,22 +69,22 @@
       formatter = forEachSystem (system: nix-formatter-pack.lib.mkFormatter formatterPackArgsFor.${system});
 
       lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration =
-        { modules ? [ ]
-        , system ? "aarch64-linux"
+        { pkgs
+        , modules ? [ ]
         , extraSpecialArgs ? { }
-        , pkgs ? pkgsPerSystem system
         , home-manager-path ? home-manager.outPath
           # deprecated:
         , config ? null
         , extraModules ? null
+        , system ? null  # pkgs.system is used to detect user's arch
         }:
-        if ! (builtins.elem system [ "aarch64-linux" "x86_64-linux" ]) then
+        if ! (builtins.elem pkgs.system [ "aarch64-linux" "x86_64-linux" ]) then
           throw
-            ("${system} is not supported; aarch64-linux / x86_64-linux " +
+            ("${pkgs.system} is not supported; aarch64-linux / x86_64-linux " +
               "are the only currently supported system types")
         else
           pkgs.lib.throwIf
-            (config != null || extraModules != null)
+            (config != null || extraModules != null || system != null)
             ''
               The 'nixOnDroidConfiguration' arguments
 
@@ -97,15 +92,17 @@
               - 'extraModules'
               - 'system'
 
-              have been removed. Instead use the argument 'modules'. The
-              'system' will be inferred by 'pkgs.system'.
+              have been removed.
+              Instead of 'extraModules' use the argument 'modules'.
+              The 'system' will be inferred by 'pkgs.system',
+              so pass a 'pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "aarch64-linux"; };'
               See the 22.11 release notes for more.
             ''
             (import ./modules {
               inherit extraSpecialArgs home-manager-path pkgs;
               config.imports = modules;
               config.build.arch =
-                nixpkgs.lib.strings.removeSuffix "-linux" system;
+                nixpkgs.lib.strings.removeSuffix "-linux" pkgs.system;
               isFlake = true;
             });
 
diff --git a/templates/home-manager/flake.nix b/templates/home-manager/flake.nix
index eaf07b8..40474c6 100644
--- a/templates/home-manager/flake.nix
+++ b/templates/home-manager/flake.nix
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
   outputs = { self, nixpkgs, home-manager, nix-on-droid }: {
 
     nixOnDroidConfigurations.default = nix-on-droid.lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration {
+      pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "aarch64-linux"; };
       modules = [ ./nix-on-droid.nix ];
     };
 
diff --git a/templates/minimal/flake.nix b/templates/minimal/flake.nix
index ab4da67..fda6a42 100644
--- a/templates/minimal/flake.nix
+++ b/templates/minimal/flake.nix
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   outputs = { self, nixpkgs, nix-on-droid }: {
 
     nixOnDroidConfigurations.default = nix-on-droid.lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration {
-      system = "aarch64-linux";
+      pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "aarch64-linux"; };
       modules = [ ./nix-on-droid.nix ];
     };
 
diff --git a/tests/on-device/config-flake-default.nix b/tests/on-device/config-flake-default.nix
index a3a7d24..a4cffb0 100644
--- a/tests/on-device/config-flake-default.nix
+++ b/tests/on-device/config-flake-default.nix
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
     nix-on-droid.inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
   };
 
-  outputs = { nix-on-droid, ... }: {
+  outputs = { nix-on-droid, nixpkgs, ... }: {
     nixOnDroidConfigurations = {
       default = nix-on-droid.lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration {
-        system = "<<SYSTEM>>";
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "<<SYSTEM>>"; };
         modules = [ ./nix-on-droid.nix ];
       };
     };
diff --git a/tests/on-device/config-flake-h-m.flake.nix b/tests/on-device/config-flake-h-m.flake.nix
index fa98ad0..731508b 100644
--- a/tests/on-device/config-flake-h-m.flake.nix
+++ b/tests/on-device/config-flake-h-m.flake.nix
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@
     };
   };
 
-  outputs = { nix-on-droid, ... }: {
+  outputs = { nix-on-droid, nixpkgs, ... }: {
     nixOnDroidConfigurations = {
       device = nix-on-droid.lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration {
-        system = "<<SYSTEM>>";
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "<<SYSTEM>>"; };
         modules = [ ./nix-on-droid.nix ];
       };
     };
diff --git a/tests/on-device/config-flake.nix b/tests/on-device/config-flake.nix
index 1caa8a6..4d6a67c 100644
--- a/tests/on-device/config-flake.nix
+++ b/tests/on-device/config-flake.nix
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
     nix-on-droid.inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
   };
 
-  outputs = { nix-on-droid, ... }: {
+  outputs = { nix-on-droid, nixpkgs, ... }: {
     nixOnDroidConfigurations = {
       device = nix-on-droid.lib.nixOnDroidConfiguration {
-        system = "<<SYSTEM>>";
+        pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "<<SYSTEM>>"; };
         modules = [ ./nix-on-droid.nix ];
       };
     };