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Nix, the purely functional package manager
7295034362
This allows the weird network or DNS server fallback mechanism inside
glibc to work, and prevents a "Resolving timed out after 5000
milliseconds" error. Read on for details.
The DNS request stuff (dns-hosts) in glibc uses this fallback procedure
to minimize network RTT in the ideal case while dealing with
ill-behaving networks and DNS servers gracefully (see resolv.conf(5)):
- Use sendmmsg() to send UDP DNS requests for IPv4 and IPv6 in parallel
- If that times out (meaning that none or only one of the responses have
been received), send the requests one by one, waiting for the response
before sending the next request ("single-request")
- If that still times out, try to use a different socket (hence
different address) for each request ("single-request-reopen")
The default timeout inside glibc is 5 seconds. Therefore, setting
connect-timeout, and therefore CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT to 5 seconds
prevents the single-request fallback, and setting it to even 10 seconds
prevents the single-request-reopen fallback as well.
The fallback decision is saved by glibc, but only thread-locally, and
libcurl starts a new thread for getaddrinfo() for each connection.
Therefore for every connection the fallback starts from sendmmsg() all
over again. And since these are considered to have timed out by libcurl,
even though getaddrinfo() might return a successful result, it is not
cached in libcurl.
While a user could tweak these with resolv.conf(5) options (e.g. using
networking.resolvconf.extraOptions in NixOS), and indeed that is
probably needed to avoid annoying delays, it still means that the
default connect-timeout of 5 is too low. Raise it to give fallback a
chance.
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| .github | ||
| ci/gha | ||
| contrib | ||
| doc/manual | ||
| maintainers | ||
| misc | ||
| nix-meson-build-support | ||
| packaging | ||
| scripts | ||
| src | ||
| tests | ||
| .clang-format | ||
| .clang-tidy | ||
| .dir-locals.el | ||
| .editorconfig | ||
| .git-blame-ignore-revs | ||
| .gitignore | ||
| .mergify.yml | ||
| .shellcheckrc | ||
| .version | ||
| CITATION.cff | ||
| CONTRIBUTING.md | ||
| COPYING | ||
| default.nix | ||
| docker.nix | ||
| flake.lock | ||
| flake.nix | ||
| HACKING.md | ||
| meson.build | ||
| meson.format | ||
| meson.options | ||
| README.md | ||
| shell.nix | ||
Nix
Nix is a powerful package manager for Linux and other Unix systems that makes package management reliable and reproducible. Please refer to the Nix manual for more details.
Installation and first steps
Visit nix.dev for installation instructions and beginner tutorials.
Full reference documentation can be found in the Nix manual.
Building and developing
Follow instructions in the Nix reference manual to set up a development environment and build Nix from source.
Contributing
Check the contributing guide if you want to get involved with developing Nix.
Additional resources
Nix was created by Eelco Dolstra and developed as the subject of his PhD thesis The Purely Functional Software Deployment Model, published 2006. Today, a world-wide developer community contributes to Nix and the ecosystem that has grown around it.
- The Nix, Nixpkgs, NixOS Community on nixos.org
- Official documentation on nix.dev
- Nixpkgs is the largest, most up-to-date free software repository in the world
- NixOS is a Linux distribution that can be configured fully declaratively
- Discourse
- Matrix: #users:nixos.org for user support and #nix-dev:nixos.org for development
License
Nix is released under the LGPL v2.1.